-
1 actual purity
Пищевая промышленность: истинная доброкачественность -
2 actual purity
Англо-русский словарь по пищевой промышленности > actual purity
-
3 true purity
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > true purity
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4 истинная доброкачественность
1) Oil: true purity2) Food industry: actual purity, real purityУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > истинная доброкачественность
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5 gas
1. газ, газообразное вещество || выделять газ; наполнять газом, насыщать газом2. горючее; газолин; бензин || заправлять горючим— acid gas— dry gas— end gas— exit gas— fat gas— flue gas— free gas— fuel gas— lean gas— net gas— oil gas— rich gas— rock gas— sour gas— town gas— trip gas— wet gas
* * *
high altitude liquid petroleum gas — сжиженный нефтяной газ с повышенным содержанием бутана (для применения в условиях пониженного атмосферного давления)
— dry gas— foul gas— lean gas— lift gas— oil gas— rich gas— rock gas— sour gas— tank gas— wet gas
* * *
1. газ2. горючее, бензин
* * *
* * *
1) газ, газообразное вещество || выделять газ; наполнять газом, насыщать газом2) горючее; газолин; бензин || заправлять горючим•gas in place — запасы газа в коллекторе;
gas in reservoir — пластовой газ;
gas in-situ — газ в пластовых условиях;
gas in solution — растворённый газ;
no gas to surface — газ на поверхность не поступает;
gas originally in place — первоначальные запасы газа в коллекторе;
to boost gas along to its destination — повышать давление газа для доставки его к месту назначения;
to make the gas — выделять газ;
to sweeten gas — удалять из газа соединения серы;
- gas of radiation-chemical originto take-off casing-head gas — отбирать нефтяной газ на устье скважины;
- gas of stratal water
- absorbed gas
- accompanying gas
- acid gas
- active gas
- actual gas
- adsorbed gas
- aerogen gas
- air gas
- air-free gas
- air-producer gas
- alky gas
- all-weather liquefied petroleum gas
- ammonia synthesis gas
- annular gas
- artificial gas
- associated gas
- associated dissolved gas
- associated petroleum gas
- aviation gas
- background gas
- biochemical natural gas
- blanket gas
- blowdown gas
- blue gas
- bottled gas
- Braden head gas
- burned gas
- burning gas
- butane-enriched water gas
- butane-propane gas
- by-product gas
- cap gas
- carbon-dioxide gas
- carbureted gas
- carbureted hydrogen gas
- carbureted water gas
- carrier gas
- casing-head gas
- city gas
- coercible gas
- coke oven gas
- combination gas
- combustible gas
- combustion gas
- commercial gas
- commercial rock gas
- compressed gas
- compressed natural gas
- condensed gas
- condensed natural gas
- conditioned gas
- consumer gas
- conventional gas
- converted gas
- corrosive gas
- crude gas
- cumulative gas injected
- cushion gas
- cylinder gas
- dehydrated petroleum gas
- diluted gas
- dispersed gas
- dissolved gas
- distillation gas
- domestic gas
- drive gas
- dry gas
- dry petroleum gas
- dump gas
- end gas
- enriched gas
- entrained gas
- escaping gas
- exhaust gas
- exit gas
- expansion gas
- extraneous gas
- extremely dry gas
- fat gas
- filtered flue gas
- fire gas
- fixed gas
- flammable gas
- flare gas
- flash gas
- flue gas
- fluorocarbon gas
- flush gas
- formation gas
- formation water gas
- foul gas
- free gas
- fuel gas
- full-stream gas
- fume-laden gas
- furnace gas
- gaslift gas
- gas-well gas
- green gas
- heating gas
- helium-bearing natural gas
- high gas
- high-altitude liquid petroleum gas
- high-BTU gas
- high-calorific gas
- high-line gas
- highly corrosive gas
- high-pressure gas
- high-purity gas
- household fuel gas
- humid gas
- hydrocarbon gas
- ideal gas
- illuminating gas
- immobile gas
- imperfect gas
- imported gas
- inactive gas
- included gas
- incoming gas
- indifferent gas
- industrial gas
- inert gas
- inflammable gas
- initial gas in reservoir
- injected gas
- in-place petroleum gas
- ionized gas
- kerosene gas
- kiln gas
- lean gas
- lean petroleum gas
- liberated gas
- lift gas
- lighting gas
- liquefied gas
- liquefied hydrocarbon gas
- liquefied natural gas
- liquefied petroleum gas
- liquid gas
- liquid natural gas
- liquid petroleum gas
- live gas
- low-boiling gas
- low-calorific gas
- low-pressure petroleum gas
- low-thermal-value fuel gas
- makeup gas
- manufactured gas
- manure gas
- marsh gas
- medium-energy coal-derived gas
- metamorphic natural gas
- methane-rich gas
- mixed gas
- mud gas
- naphtha gas
- native gas
- natural gas
- net gas
- noble gas
- nonassociated gas
- nonassociated natural gas
- noncondensable gas
- noncorrosive gas
- nonhydrocarbon gas
- nonpurified gas
- nonrecoverable gas
- nonstripped petroleum gas
- noxious gas
- occluded gas
- off gas
- oil gas
- oil-dissolved gas
- oil-water gas
- oil-well gas
- olefiant gas
- onboard-stored gas
- oxyhydrogen gas
- paraffin gas
- peat gas
- perfect gas
- petroleum gas
- pipeline gas
- poor gas
- power gas
- processed gas
- produced gas
- producer gas
- product gas
- purchased gas
- purge gas
- radiogenic gas
- purifield gas
- quenching gas
- radioactive gas
- radon gas
- raw natural gas
- reactivation gas
- receiver gas
- recirculated gas
- recoverable gas
- recoverable petroleum gas
- refinery gas
- regeneration gas
- residual gas
- residue gas
- retained gas
- rich gas
- rich petroleum gas
- rock gas
- sales gas
- sedimentary natural gas
- separator gas
- shale gas
- shallow gas
- shocked gas
- sludge gas
- solute gas
- solution gas
- sour gas
- sour petroleum gas
- spent gas
- stabilizer gas
- stack gas
- stillage gas
- stripped gas
- stripped petroleum gas
- stripper gas
- substitute natural gas
- sulfur dioxide gas
- sulfurous gas
- sweet gas
- synthetic gas
- tail gas
- tank gas
- town gas
- toxic gas
- transborder gas
- transcontinental gas
- transported gas
- trapped gas
- treated gas
- trip gas
- unassociated gas
- underground storage gas
- undissolved gas
- unstripped gas
- vadose gas
- washed gas
- waste gas
- water gas
- water-dissolved gas
- well head gas
- wet gas
- wet field gas
- wet petroleum gas
- zero-hydrogen-index gas* * * -
6 भावः _bhāvḥ
भावः [भू-भावे घञ्]1 Being, existing, existence; नासतो विद्यते भावः Bg.2.16.-2 Becoming, occurring, taking place.-3 State, condition, state of being; लताभावेन परिणतमस्या रूपम् V.4; U.6.23; so कातरभावः, विवर्णभावः &c.-4 Manner, mode.-6 Rank, station, position, capacity; देवीभावं गमिता K. P.1; so प्रेष्यभावम्, किंकरभावम् &c.-6 (a) True condition or state, truth, reality; परं भावमजानन्तः Bg.7.24; इति मत्वा भजन्ते मां बुधा भावसम- न्विताः 1.8. (b) Sincerity, devotion; त्वयि मे भावनिबन्धना रतिः R.8.52;2.26.-7 Innate property, disposition, nature, temperament; स तस्य स्वो भावः प्रकृतिनियतत्वादकृतकः U.6.14.-8 Inclination or disposition of mind, idea, thought, opinion, supposition; हृदयनिहितभावा गूढमन्त्रप्रचाराः किमपि विगणयन्तो बुद्धिमन्तः सहन्ते Pt.3.43; Ms.8.25;4.65; निकृष्टोत्कृष्टयोर्भावं यास्तु गृह्णन्ति ताः स्त्रियः Bu. Ch.4.23.-9 Feeling, emotion, sentiment; एको भावः Pt.3.66; Ku.6. 95; निर्विकारात्मके चित्ते भावः प्रथमविक्रिया S. D. (In the dramatic science or in poetic compositions generally, Bhāvas are either स्थायिन् primary, or व्यभिचारिन् subordinate. The former are eight or nine, according as the Rasas are taken to be 8 or 9, each rasa having its own स्थायिभाव. The latter are thirty-three of thirty four in number, and serve to develop and strengthen the prevailing sentiment; for definition and enumera- tion of the several kinds, see R. G. first ānana, or K. P.4).-1 Love, affection; attachment; द्वन्द्वानि भावं क्रियया विवव्रुः Ku.3.35; कुमुद्वती भानुमतीव भावं (बबन्ध) R.6.36.-11 Purport, drift, gist, substance; इति भावः (often used by commentators); जनको$प्युत्स्मयन् राजा भावमस्या विशेषयन् । प्रतिजग्राह भावेन भावमस्या नृपोत्तम Mb.12,32.18.-12 Meaning, intention, sense, import; अन्योन्यभावचतुरेण सखीजनेन मुक्तास्तदा स्मितसुधामधुराः कटाक्षाः Māl.1.25.-13 Resolution, determination.-14 The heart, soul, mind; तयोर्विवृतभावत्वात् Māl.1.12; भावसंशुद्धिरित्येतत् तपो मानसमुच्यते Bg.17.16; स्व एव भावे विनिगृह्य मन्मथम् Bu. Ch.4.11.-15 Any existing thing, an object, a thing, substance; पश्यन्ती विविधान् भावान् Rām.2.94.18; जगति जयिनस्ते ते भावा नवेन्दुकलादयः Māl.1.17,36; R.3.41; U.3.32.-16 A being, living creature.-17 Abstract medita- tion, contemplation (= भावना q. v.).-18 Conduct, movement.-19 (a) Gesture, behaviour; अहिंसा समता... भवन्ति भावा भूतानाम् Bg.1.5. (b) Amorous gesture or expression of sentiment; gesture of love; कामं प्रिया न सुलभा मनस्तु तद्भावदर्शनाश्वासि Ś.2.1.-2 Birth; तवाहं पूर्वके भावे पुत्रः परपुरंजय Rām.7.14.2.-21 The world, universe.-22 The womb.-23 Will; घोरैर्विव्यधतुर्बाणैः कृतभावावुभौ जये Rām.6.9.38.-24 Superhuman power; मिथो घ्नतं न पश्यन्ति भावैर्भावं पृथग्दृशः Bhāg.1.4.27.-25 Advice, instruction.-26 (In dramas) A learned or venerable man, worthy man, (a term of address); भाव अयमस्मि V.1; तां खलु भावेन तथैव सर्वे वर्ग्याः पाठिताः) Māl.1.-27 (In gram.) The sense of an abstract noun, abstract idea conveyed by a word; भावे क्तः.-28 A term for an impersonal passive or neuter verb.-29 (In astr.) An astronomical house.-3 A lunar mansion.-31 An organ of sense.-32 Welfare (कल्याण); भावमिच्छति सर्वस्य नाभावे कुरुते मनः Mb.5.36.16.-33 Protection; द्रोणस्याभावभावे तु प्रसक्तानां यथा$भवत् Mb.7.25.64.-34 Fate, destiny (प्रारब्ध); नातिप्रहीणरश्मिः स्यात्तथा भावविपर्यये Mb.5.77.14.-35 Consciousness of past perceptions (वासना); येभ्यः सृजति भूतानि काले भावप्रचोदितः । महाभूतानि पञ्चेति तान्याहुर्भूतचिन्तिकाः ॥ Mb.12.275.4.-36 Lordship (प्रभुत्व); ते$पि भावाय कल्पन्ते राजदण्डनिपीडिताः Rām.2.67. 32.-37 The six states (अवस्थाषट्क); A, Rām.1.7.31.-Comp. -अनुग a. not forced, natural. (-गा) a shadow.-अन्तरम् a different state.-अद्वैतम् 1 a natu- ral cause.-2 material cause (as thread of a cloth).-3 identity of conception, oneness of view.-अर्थः 1 the obvious meaning or import (of a word, phrase &c.).-2 the subject matter; सर्वेषामपि वस्तूनां भावार्थो भवति स्थितः Bhāg.1.14.57.-आकूतम् (secret) thoughts of the mind; हृदयनिहितं भावाकूतं वमद्भिरिवेक्षणैः Amaru.4.-आख्यः One of the two types of creation according to the Sāṅkhya philosophy; लिङ्गाख्यो भावाख्यस्तस्माद् द्विविधः प्रवर्तते सर्गः Sāṅ. K.52.-आत्मक a. real, actual.-आभासः simulation of a feeling, a feigned or false emotion.-आलीना a shadow.- एकरस a. influenced solely by the sentiment of (sincere) love; ममात्र भावैकरसं मनः स्थितम् Ku.5.82.-कर्तृकः an impersonal verb; Kāśi. on P. II.3.54.-गतिः f. power to convey human feelings; भावगतिराकृतीनाम् Pratimā 3.-गम्भीरम् ind.1 heartily, from the bottom of the heart.-2 deeply, gravely.-गम्य a. conceived by the mind; ममत्सादृश्यं विरहतनु वा भावगम्यं लिखन्ती Me.87.-ग्राहिन् a.1 understanding the sense.-2 appreciating the sentiment.-ग्राह्य a. to be conceived with the heart; भावग्राह्यमनीडाख्यं भावाभावकरं शिवम् Śvet. Up.5.14.-चेष्टितम् amorous gesture.-जः 1 love.-2 the god of love.-ज्ञ, -विद् a. knowing the heart.-दर्शिन् a. see भालदर्शिन्.-निर्वृत्तिः the material creation (Sāṅ. phil.); न विना लिङ्गेन भावनिर्वृत्तिः Sāṅ. K.52.-नेरिः a kind of dance.-बन्धन a. enchanting or fettering the heart, linking together the hearts; रथाङ्गनाम्नोरिव भावबन्धनं बभूव यत्प्रेम परस्पराश्रयम् R.3.24.-बोधक a. indicating or revealing any feeling.-मिश्रः a worthy person, a gentleman (used in dramas); प्रसीदन्तु भावमिश्राः Ś.6.-रूप a. real, actual.-वचनम् denoting an abstract idea, conveying the abstract notion of a verb.-वाचकम् an abstract noun.-विकारः a property of a being; षड् भावविकारा भवन्तीति वार्ष्यायणिः । जायते$स्ति विपरिणमते वर्धते$पक्षीयते नश्यति ।-वृत्तः an epithet of Brahman.-शबलत्वम् a mixture of various emotions (भावानां बाध्यबाधकभावमापन्नानामुदासीनानां वा व्यामिश्रणम् R. G., vide examples given ad loc.).-शुद्धिः f. purity of mind, honesty, sincerity.-शून्य a. devoid of real love; उपचारविधिर्मनस्विनीनां न तु पूर्वाभ्यधिको$पि भावशून्यः M.3.3.-संधिः the union or co-existence of two emotions (भावसंधिरन्योन्यानभिभूतयोरन्योन्याभिभावनयोग्ययोः सामानाधिकरण्यम् R. G., see the examples there given).-समाहित a. abstracted in mind, devout.-सर्गः the mental or intellectual creation; i. e. the creation of the faculties of the human mind and their affections (opp. भौतिकसर्ग or material creation).-स्थ a. attached; devoted (to one); न वेत्सि भावस्थमिमं कथं जनम् Ku.5.58.-स्थिर a. firmly rooted in the heart; Ś.5.2.-स्निग्ध a. affection- ately disposed, sincerely attached; भावस्निग्धैरुपकृतमपि द्वेष्यतां याति किंचित् Pt.1.285.-भावंगम a. charming, lovely. -
7 error
1) ошибка; погрешность2) искажение•error in indication — погрешность показания ( прибора); погрешность отсчёта;errors in the same sense — погрешности одного знака;error on the safe side — погрешность в сторону увеличения запаса прочности;to accumulate errors — накапливать погрешности;to combine errors — суммировать погрешности;to compensate error — 1. компенсировать ошибку ( показаний прибора) 2. возд. списывать (устранять) девиацию радиокомпаса;to distribute error of closure — геод. разбрасывать невязку;to hold measurement errors to... — удерживать погрешности измерений в пределах...;to introduce an error — вносить погрешность;to negate errors — исключать погрешности; компенсировать погрешности;to reduce errors — 1. уменьшать (снижать) погрешности 2. приводить погрешности ( к определённым условиям или определённому виду)error of approximation — погрешность приближения, погрешность аппроксимацииerror of closure — геод. невязкаerror or connection — геод. невязкаerror of direction — ошибка в определении направленияerror of division (error of graduation) — погрешность градуировкиerror of indication — погрешность показания ( прибора); погрешность отсчётаerror of observation — 1. погрешность наблюдения; погрешность отсчёта 2. геод. ошибка измерения, ошибка наблюденияerror of omission — 1. пропуск, пробел 2. упущениеerror of position — 1. погрешность в определении положения или местоположения 2. геод. координатная невязкаerror of traverse — геод. линейная невязка-
absolute error
-
acceptable error
-
accidental error
-
accumulated error
-
accumulative error
-
accuracy error
-
across-track error
-
actual error
-
additive error
-
admissible error
-
aggregate error
-
airborne equipment error
-
aliasing error
-
alignment error
-
along-track error
-
altering error
-
altimeter error
-
ambiguity error
-
amplitude error
-
angular error
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appreciable error
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approximation error
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arithmetic error
-
assigned error
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assumed error
-
azimuth error
-
backlash error
-
base error
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basic error
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beam landing error
-
bearing error
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bias error
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bias stability error
-
bit error
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block mean-squared error
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boresight error
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burst error
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calibration error
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chaining error
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chip error
-
chroma error
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closing error
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closure error in leveling
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closure error of angles
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closure error of azimuths
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closure error
-
collimation error
-
color error
-
color-hue error
-
color-purity error
-
color-registration error
-
combined error
-
common error
-
compass error
-
compass turning error
-
compensating errors
-
complementary error
-
component error
-
composite error
-
composition error
-
computational error
-
computation error
-
computed error
-
concealed error
-
conformity error
-
connection error
-
consistent error
-
constant error
-
contributing error
-
conventional error
-
copying error
-
course error
-
crude error
-
cumulative error
-
cyclic error
-
data error
-
datum error
-
day-to-day error
-
dead-path error
-
delay error
-
detected error
-
digital error
-
displacement error
-
distance error
-
dynamic error
-
dynamic phase error
-
end errors
-
erratic error
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estimated error
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estimation error
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excessive error
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exposure error
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extreme error
-
fatal error
-
fixed error
-
flight technical error
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focusing error
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focus error
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folding error
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following error
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forecast error
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form error
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fractional error
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frequency error
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full-scale error
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gaging error
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gamma error
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gang error
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geometrical error
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geometric error
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glide path angular error
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graduation error
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gross error
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group-delay error
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guidance error
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guide positional error
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gyrocompass error
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hard error
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hardware error
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head-penetration error
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heeling error
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height-keeping error
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horizontal phase error
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hue error
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human error
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implementation error
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inbound error
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index error
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indicated displacement error
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indication error
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individual error
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inherent error
-
inherited error
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initial error
-
input error
-
instrumental error
-
instrument error
-
interference error
-
interlace error
-
interpolation error
-
interval error
-
intolerable error
-
intrinsic error
-
introduced error
-
ionosphere error
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lead error
-
leveling error
-
limiting error
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linear error
-
linearity error
-
logical error
-
longitudinal error
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long-term error
-
machine error
-
marginal error
-
maximum error
-
maximum likely error
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maximum relative error
-
maximum zero error
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mean error
-
mean square error
-
measurement error
-
minimum error
-
minimum mean-square error
-
minimum prediction error
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mismatch error
-
mispositioning error
-
momentary error
-
multiple error
-
navigation error
-
near-extreme error
-
negative error
-
noise error
-
nominal error
-
nonlinear error
-
observation error
-
observed error
-
offset error
-
omission error
-
operator's error
-
optimistic error
-
outbound error
-
output error
-
overall error
-
overlay error
-
parity check error
-
parity error
-
partial error
-
particular error
-
parts-to-platen error
-
patching error
-
path following error
-
peak error
-
peak-to-peak error
-
permissible error
-
personal error
-
pessimistic error
-
phase error
-
pitch error
-
platen-to-machine error
-
pointing error
-
position error
-
position following error
-
positional error
-
positioning error
-
positive error
-
predicted following error
-
prediction error
-
probable error
-
procedural error
-
propagation delay error
-
quadrantal error
-
quadratic phase error
-
quadrature error
-
quantization error
-
radial displacement error
-
radiation error
-
random error
-
range error
-
ratio error
-
reader error
-
reading error
-
reasonable error
-
recoverable error
-
reduced error
-
reference limiting error
-
registration error
-
relative error
-
residual error
-
resistance error
-
resolution error
-
resultant error
-
root-mean-square error
-
rounding error
-
routine/routine interface error
-
run-time error
-
sampling error
-
saturation error
-
scale calibration error
-
scale error
-
scanning error
-
select error
-
sequence error
-
servo excess error
-
servo following error
-
sextant error
-
shade error
-
shading error
-
sighting error
-
significant error
-
single error
-
skew error
-
slide-position error
-
soft error
-
software error
-
speed error
-
sporadic error
-
standard error
-
static error
-
statistical error
-
steady-state error
-
steering error
-
step-up error
-
substitution error
-
superposition error
-
systematic error
-
tape speed errors
-
targeting error
-
temperature error
-
temporary error
-
tilt error
-
time error
-
time-base error
-
tool setting error
-
total error
-
tracking error
-
transfer error
-
transient error
-
true error
-
truncation error
-
typing error
-
typographic error
-
unconcealable error
-
uncorrectable error
-
undetected error
-
unrecoverable error
-
unsuspected error
-
user clock time bias error
-
velocity error
-
vertical phase error
-
voltage error
-
weighted mean error
-
wiring error
-
zero end error
-
zero error
-
zero setting error
-
zero-drift error -
8 grade
2) градус || градуировать3) качество; сорт || сортировать4) степень5) уровень; приоритет6) фракция8) марка (напр. смазочных масел, стали)9) класс10) разряд11) степень чистоты ( вещества)12) уклон; подъём ( дороги)14) профилировать ( грунт); производить земляные работы•to bring road to grade — профилировать дорогу;to ease grade — смягчать уклон;to negotiate grade — преодолевать уклон;to grade to size — сортировать по крупностиgrade of finish — степень шероховатостиgrade of instrument — разряд прибораgrade of liquid purity — класс чистоты жидкостиgrade of pilot licence — класс свидетельства пилота-
accelerating grade
-
accuracy grade
-
actual grade
-
adverse grade
-
ascending grade
-
aviation fuel grade
-
balanced grade
-
bottom grade
-
braking grade
-
canal grade
-
commercial grade
-
compensation grade
-
constant grade
-
continuous grade
-
contrast grade
-
cutoff grade
-
descending grade
-
domestic grade
-
down grade
-
easy grade
-
edible grade
-
effective grade
-
equivalent grade
-
falling grade
-
finish grade
-
flat grade
-
head grade
-
heavy grade
-
helper grade
-
industrial grade
-
level grade
-
light grade
-
limiting grade
-
long ascending grade
-
long grade
-
longitudinal grade
-
low grade
-
marketable grade
-
market grade
-
maximum grade
-
mixed grades
-
navy grade
-
negative grade
-
normal grade of accuracy
-
oil grade
-
ore grade
-
positive grade
-
profile grade
-
proposed grade
-
pusher grade
-
refined grade
-
rolling grade
-
ruling grade
-
seasonal grade
-
service grade
-
size grade
-
slope grade
-
spectrographical grade
-
spectrographic grade
-
steel grade
-
steep grade
-
summer grade
-
technical grade
-
winter grade
-
wrought steel grade -
9 अर्थः _arthḥ
अर्थः [In some of its senses from अर्थ्; in others from ऋ-थन् Uṇ.2.4; अर्थते ह्यसौ अर्थिभिः Nir.]1 Object, pur- pose, end and aim; wish, desire; ज्ञातार्थो ज्ञातसंबन्धः श्रोतुं श्रोता प्रवर्तते, सिद्ध˚, ˚परिपन्थी Mu.5; ˚वशात् 5.8; स्मर्तव्यो$स्मि सत्यर्थे Dk.117 if it be necessary; Y.2.46; M.4.6; oft. used in this sense as the last member of compounds and translated by 'for', 'intended for', 'for the sake of', 'on account of', 'on behalf of', and used like an adj. to qualify nouns; अर्थेन तु नित्य- समासो विशेष्यनिघ्रता च Vārt.; सन्तानार्थाय विधये R.1.34; तां देवतापित्रतिथिक्रियार्थाम् (धेनुम्) 2.16; द्विजार्था यवागूः Sk.; यज्ञार्थात्कर्मणो$न्यत्र Bg.3.9. It mostly occurs in this sense as अर्थम्, अर्थे or अर्थाय and has an adverbial force; (a) किमर्थम् for what purpose, why; यदर्थम् for whom or which; वेलोपलक्षणार्थम् Ś.4; तद्दर्शनादभूच्छम्भोर्भूयान्दारार्थ- मादरः Ku.6.13; (b) परार्थे प्राज्ञ उत्सृजेत् H.1.41; गवार्थे ब्राह्मणार्थे च Pt.1.42; मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः Bg.1.9; (c) सुखार्थाय Pt.4.18; प्रत्याख्याता मया तत्र नलस्यार्थाय देवताः Nala.13.19; ऋतुपर्णस्य चार्थाय 23.9.-2 Cause, motive, reason, ground, means; अलुप्तश्च मुनेः क्रियार्थः R. 2.55 means or cause; अतो$र्थात् Ms.2.213.-3 Meaning, sense, signification, import; अर्थ is of 3 kinds:-- वाच्य or expressed, लक्ष्य or indicated (secondary), and व्यङ्ग्य or suggested; तददोषौ शब्दार्थौ K. P.1; अर्थो वाच्यश्च लक्ष्यश्च व्यङ्ग्यश्चेति त्रिधा मतः S. D.2; वागर्थाविव R.1.1; अवेक्ष्य धातोर्गमनार्थमर्थवित् 3.21.-4 A thing, object, substance; लक्ष्मणो$र्थं ततः श्रुत्वा Rām.7.46.18; अर्थो हि कन्या परकीय एव Ś.4.22; that which can be perceived by the senses, an object of sense; इन्द्रिय˚ H.1.146; Ku.7.71; R.2.51; न निर्बद्धा उपसर्गा अर्थान्निराहुः Nir.; इन्द्रियेभ्यः परा ह्यर्था अर्थेभ्यश्च परं मनः Kaṭh. (the objects of sense are five: रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श and शब्द); शब्दः स्पर्शो रसो गन्धो रूपं चेत्यर्थजातयः Bhāg.11.22.16.-5 (a) An affair, business, matter, work; प्राक् प्रतिपन्नो$यमर्थो$- ङ्गराजाय Ve.3; अर्थो$यमर्थान्तरभाव्य एव Ku.3.18; अर्थो$र्था- नुबन्धी Dk.67; सङ्गीतार्थः Me.66 business of singing i. e. musical concert (apparatus of singing); सन्देशार्थाः Me. 5 matters of message, i. e. messages; (b) Interest, object; स्वार्थसाधनतत्परः Ms.4.196; द्वयमेवार्थसाधनम् R.1. 19;2.21; दुरापे$र्थे 1.72; सर्वार्थचिन्तकः Ms.7.121; माल- विकायां न मे कश्चिदर्थः M.3 I have no interest in M. (c) Subject-matter, contents (as of letters &c.); त्वामव- गतार्थं करिष्यति Mu.1 will acquaint you with the matter; उत्तरो$यं लेखार्थः ibid.; तेन हि अस्य गृहीतार्था भवामि V.2 if so I should know its contents; ननु परिगृहीतार्थो$- स्मि कृतो भवता V.5; तया भवतो$विनयमन्तरेण परिगृहीतार्था कृता देवी M.4 made acquainted with; त्वया गृहीतार्थया अत्रभवती कथं न वारिता 3; अगृहीतार्थे आवाम् Ś.6; इति पौरान् गृहीतार्थान् कृत्वा ibid.-6 Wealth, riches, property, money (said to be of 3 kinds: शुक्ल honestly got; शबल got by more or less doubtful means, and कृष्ण dishonestly got;) त्यागाय संभृतार्थानाम् R.1.7; धिगर्थाः कष्टसंश्रयाः Pt.1.163; अर्थानामर्जने दुःखम् ibid.; सस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि1.3; तेषामर्थे नियुञ्जीत शूरान् दक्षान् कुलोद्गतान् Ms.7.62.-7 Attainment of riches or worldly prosperity, regarded as one of the four ends of human existence, the other three being धर्म, काम and मोक्ष; with अर्थ and काम, धर्म forms the well-known triad; cf. Ku.5.38; अप्यर्थकामौ तस्यास्तां धर्म एव मनीषिणः R.1.25.-8 (a) Use, advantage, profit, good; तथा हि सर्वे तस्यासन् परार्थैकफला गुणाः R.1.29 for the good of others; अर्थान- र्थावुभौ बुद्ध्वा Ms.8.24 good and evil; क्षेत्रिणामर्थः 9.52; यावानर्थ उदपाने सर्वतः सांप्लुतोदके Bg.2.46; also व्यर्थ, निरर्थक q. v. (b) Use, want, need, concern, with instr.; को$र्थः पुत्रेण जातेन Pt.1 what is the use of a son being born; कश्च तेनार्थः Dk.59; को$र्थस्तिरश्चां गुणैः Pt.2.33 what do brutes care for merits; Bh.2.48; योग्येनार्थः कस्य न स्याज्ज- नेन Ś.18.66; नैव तस्य कृतेनार्थो नाकृतेनेह कश्चन Bg.3.18; यदि प्राणैरिहार्थो वो निवर्तध्वम् Rām. को नु मे जीवितेनार्थः Nala.12. 65.-9 Asking, begging; request, suit, petition.-1 Action, plaint (in law); अर्थ विरागाः पश्यन्ति Rām.2.1. 58; असाक्षिकेषु त्वर्थेषु Ms.8.19.-11 The actual state, fact of the matter; as in यथार्थ, अर्थतः, ˚तत्वविद्, यदर्थेन विनामुष्य पुंस आत्मविपर्ययः Bhāg.3.7.1.-12 Manner, kind, sort.-13 Prevention, warding off; मशकार्थो धूमः; prohibition, abolition (this meaning may also be derived from 1 above).-14 Price (perhaps an incorrect form for अर्घ).-15 Fruit, result (फलम्). तस्य नानुभवेदर्थं यस्य हेतोः स रोपितः Rām.6.128.7; Mb.12.175.5.-16 N. of a son of धर्म.-17 The second place from the लग्न (in astr.).-18 N. of Viṣṇu.-19 The category called अपूर्व (in पूर्वमीमांसा); अर्थ इति अपूर्वं ब्रूमः । ŚB. on MS.7.1.2.-2 Force (of a statement or an expres- sion); अर्थाच्च सामर्थ्याच्च क्रमो विधीयते । ŚB. on MS.5.1.2. [अर्थात् = by implication].-21 The need, purpose, sense; व्यवधानादर्थो बलीयान् । ŚB. on MS.6.4.23.-22 Capacity, power; अर्थाद्वा कल्पनैकदेशत्वात् । Ms.1.4.3 (where Śabara paraphrases अर्थात् by सामर्थ्यात् and states the rule: आख्यातानामर्थं ब्रुवतां शक्तिः सहकारिणी ।), cf. अर्थो$भिधेयरैवस्तुप्रयोजननिवृत्तिषु । मोक्षकारणयोश्च...... Nm.-Comp. -अतिदेशः Extension (of gender, number &e.) to the objects (as against words), i. e. to treat a single object as though it were many, a female as though it were male. (तन्त्रवार्त्तिक 1.2.58.3;6.3.34.7).-अधिकारः charge of money, office of treasurer ˚रे न नियोक्तव्यौ H.2.-अधिकारिन् m. a treasurer, one charged with finan- cial duties, finance minister.-अनुपपत्तिः f. The difficulty of accounting for or explaining satisfactorily a particular meaning; incongruity of a particular meaning (तन्त्रवार्त्तिक 4.3.42.2).-अनुयायिन् a. Following the rules (शास्त्र); तत्त्रिकालहितं वाक्यं धर्म्यमर्थानुयायि च Rām.5.51.21.-अन्वेषणम् inquiry after a matter.-अन्तरम् 1 another or different meaning.-2 another cause or motive; अर्थो$यम- र्थान्तरभाव्य एव Ku.3.18.-3 A new matter or circum- stance, new affair.-4 opposite or antithetical meaning, difference of meaning. ˚न्यासः a figure of speech in which a general proposition is adduced to support a particular instance, or a particular instance, to support a general proposition; it is an inference from parti- cular to general and vice versa; उक्तिरर्थान्तरन्यासः स्यात् सामान्यविशेषयोः । (1) हनूमानब्धिमतरद् दुष्करं किं महात्मनाम् ॥ (2) गुणवद्वस्तुसंसर्गाद्याति नीचो$पि गौरवम् । पुष्पमालानुषङ्गेण सूत्रं शिरसि धार्यते Kuval.; cf. also K. P.1 and S. D.79. (Ins- tances of this figure abound in Sanskrit literature, especi- ally in the works of Kālidāsa, Māgha and Bhāravi).-अन्वित a.1 rich, wealthy.-2 significant.-अभिधान a.1 That whose name is connected with the purpose to be served by it; अर्थाभिधानं प्रयोजनसम्बद्धमभिधानं यस्य, यथा पुरोडाश- कपालमिति पुरोडाशार्थं कपालं पुरोडाशकपालम् । ŚB. on MS.4.1. 26.-2 Expression or denotation of the desired meaning (वार्त्तिक 3.1.2.5.).-अर्थिन् a. one who longs for or strives to get wealth or gain any object. अर्थार्थी जीवलोको$यम् । आर्तो जिज्ञासुरर्थार्थी Bg.7.16.-अलंकरः a figure of speech determined by and dependent on the sense, and not on sound (opp. शब्दालंकार). अलंकारशेखर of केशवमिश्र mentions (verse 29) fourteen types of अर्थालंकारs as follows:- उपमारूपकोत्प्रेक्षाः समासोक्तिरपह्नुतिः । समाहितं स्वभावश्च विरोधः सारदीपकौ ॥ सहोक्तिरन्यदेशत्वं विशेषोक्तिर्विभावना । एवं स्युरर्थालकारा- श्चतुर्दश न चापरे ॥-आगमः 1 acquisition of wealth, income; ˚गमाय स्यात् Pt.1. cf. also अर्थागमो नित्यमरोगिता च H.-2 collection of property.-3 conveying of sense; S. D.737.-आपत्तिः f. [अर्थस्य अनुक्तार्थस्य आपत्तिः सिद्धिः]1 an inference from circumstances, presumption, im- plication, one of the five sources of knowledge or modes of proof, according to the Mīmāṁsakas. It is 'deduc- tion of a matter from that which could not else be'; it is 'assumption of a thing, not itself perceived but necessarily implied by another which is seen, heard, or proved'; it is an inference used to account for an apparent inconsistency; as in the familiar instance पीनो देवदत्तो दिवा न भुङ्क्ते the apparent inconsistency between 'fatness' and 'not eating by day' is accounted for by the inference of his 'eating by night'. पीनत्वविशि- ष्टस्य देवदत्तस्य रात्रिभोजित्वरूपार्थस्य शब्दानुक्तस्यापि आपत्तिः. It is defined by Śabara as दृष्टः श्रुतो वार्थो$न्यथा नोपपद्यते इत्यर्थ- कल्पना । यथा जीवति देवदत्ते गृहाभावदर्शनेन बहिर्भावस्यादृष्टस्य कल्पना ॥ Ms.1.1.5. It may be seen from the words दृष्टः and श्रुतः in the above definition, that Śabara has sug- gested two varieties of अर्थापत्ति viz. दृष्टार्थापत्ति and श्रुता- र्थापत्ति. The illustration given by him, however, is of दृष्टार्थापत्ति only. The former i. e. दृष्टार्थापत्ति consists in the presumption of some अदृष्ट अर्थ to account for some दृष्ट अर्थ (or अर्थs) which otherwise becomes inexplicable. The latter, on the other hand, consists in the presump- tion of some अर्थ through अश्रुत शब्द to account for some श्रुत अर्थ (i. e. some statement). This peculiarity of श्रुतार्थापत्ति is clearly stated in the following couplet; यत्र त्वपरिपूर्णस्य वाक्यस्यान्वयसिद्धये । शब्दो$ध्याह्रियते तत्र श्रुतार्थापत्ति- रिष्यते ॥ Mānameyodaya p.129 (ed. by K. Raja, Adyar, 1933). Strictly speaking it is no separate mode of proof; it is only a case of अनुमान and can be proved by a व्यतिरेकव्याप्ति; cf. Tarka. K.17 and S. D.46.-2 a figure of speech (according to some rhe- toricians) in which a relevant assertion suggests an inference not actually connected with the the subject in hand, or vice versa; it corresponds to what is popularly called कैमुतिकन्याय or दण्डापूपन्याय; e. g. हारो$यं हरिणाक्षीणां लुण्ठति स्तनमण्डले । मुक्तानामप्यवस्थेयं के वयं स्मरकिङ्कराः Amaru.1; अभितप्तमयो$पि मार्दवं भजते कैव कथा शरीरिषु R.8.43.; S. D. thus defines the figure:- दण्डापूपिकन्यायार्थागमो$र्थापत्तिरिष्यते.-उत्पत्तिः f. acquisition of wealth; so ˚उपार्जनम्.-उपक्षेपकः an introductory scene (in dramas); अर्थोपक्षेपकाः पञ्च S. D.38. They are विष्कम्भ, चूलिका, अङ्कास्य, अङ्कावतार, प्रवेशक.-उपमा a simile dependent on sense and not on sound; see under उपमा.-उपार्जनम् Acquiring wealth.-उष्मन् m. the glow or warmth of wealth; अर्थोष्मणा विरहितः पुरुषः स एव Bh.2.4.-ओघः, -राशिः treasure, hoard of money.-कर (-री f.),-कृत a.1 bringing in wealth, enriching; अर्थकरी च विद्या H. Pr.3.-2 useful, advan- tageous.-कर्मन् n.1 a principal action (opp. गुणकर्मन्).-2 (as opposed to प्रतिपत्तिकर्मन्), A fruitful act (as opposed to mere disposal or प्रतिपत्ति); अर्थकर्म वा कर्तृ- संयोगात् स्रग्वत् । MS.4.2.17.-काम a. desirous of wealth. (-˚मौ dual), wealth and (sensual) desire or pleasure; अप्यर्थकामौ तस्यास्तां धर्म एव मनीषिणः R.1.25. ह्रत्वार्थकामास्तु गुरूनिहैव Bg.2.5.-कार्ष्यम् Poverty. निर्बन्धसंजातरुषार्थकार्घ्यमचिन्तयित्वा गुरुणाहमुक्तः R.5.21.-काशिन् a. Only apparently of utility (not really).-किल्बिषिन् a. dishonest in money-matters.-कृच्छ्रम् 1 a difficult matter.-2 pecuniary difficulty; व्यसनं वार्थकृच्छ्रे वा Rām.4.7.9; Mb.3.2.19; cf. also Kau. A.1.15 न मुह्येदर्थकृच्छ्रेषु Nīti.-कृत्यम् doing or execution of a business; अभ्युपेतार्थकृत्याः Me.4.-कोविद a. Expert in a matter, experienced. उवाच रामो धर्मात्मा पुनरप्यर्थकोविदः Rām.6.4.8.-क्रमः due order or sequ- ence of purpose.-क्रिया (a) An implied act, an act which is to be performed as a matter of course (as opposed to शब्दोक्तक्रिया); असति शब्दोक्ते अर्थक्रिया भवति ŚB. on MS.12.1.12. (b) A purposeful action. (see अर्थकर्मन्).-गत a.1 based on the sense (as a दोष).-2 devoid of sense.-गतिः understanding the sense.-गुणाः cf. भाविकत्वं सुशब्दत्वं पर्यायोक्तिः सुधर्मिता । चत्वारो$र्थगुणाः प्रोक्ताः परे त्वत्रैव संगताः ॥ अलंकारशेखर 21.-गृहम् A treasury. Hariv.-गौरवम् depth of meaning; भारवेरर्थगौरवम् Udb., Ki.2.27.-घ्न a. (घ्नी f.) extrava- gant, wasteful, prodigal; सुरापी व्याधिता धूर्ता वन्ध्यार्थघ्न्य- प्रियंवदा Y.1.73; व्याधिता वाधिवेत्तव्या हिंस्रार्थघ्नी च सर्वदा Ms.9.8.-चित्रम् 'variety in sense', a pun, Kāvya- prakāśa.-चिन्तक a.1 thinking of profit.-2 having charge of affairs; सर्वार्थचिन्तकः Ms.7.121.-चिन्ता, -चिन्तनम् charge or administration of (royal) affairs; मन्त्री स्यादर्थचिन्तायाम् S. D.-जात a.1 full of meaning.-2 wealthy (जातधन).(-तम्) 1 a collection of things.-2 large amount of wealth, considerable property; Dk.63, Ś.6; ददाति च नित्यमर्थजातम् Mk.2.7.-3 all matters; कवय इव महीपाश्चिन्तयन्त्यर्थजातम् Śi.11.6.-4 its own meaning; वहन्द्वयीं यद्यफले$र्थजाते Ki.3.48.-ज्ञ a. knowing the sense or purpose; अर्थज्ञ इत्सकलं भद्रमश्नुते Nir.-तत्त्वम् 1 the real truth, the fact of the matter; यो$र्थतत्त्वमविज्ञाय क्रोधस्यैव वशं गतः H.4.94.-2 the real nature or cause of anything.-द a.1 yielding wealth; Dk.41.-2 advantageous, productive of good, useful.-3 liberal, munificent Ms.2.19.-4 favour- able, compliant. (-दः) N. of Kubera.-दर्शकः 'one who sees law-suits'; a judge.-दर्शनम् perception of objects; कुरुते दीप इवार्थदर्शनम् Ki.2.33; Dk.155.-दूषणम् 1 extravagance, waste; H.3.18; Ms.7.48.-2 unjust seizure of property or withholding what is due.-3 finding fault with the meaning.-4 spoiling of another's property.-दृश् f. Consideration of truth; क्षेमं त्रिलोकगुरुरर्थदृशं च यच्छन् Bhāg.1.86.21.-दृष्टिः Seeing profit; Bhāg.-दोषः a literary fault or blemish with regard to the sense, one of the four doṣas or blemishes of literary composition, the other three being परदोष, पदांशदोष, वाक्यदोष; for definitions &c. see K. P.7. अलंकारशेखर of केशवमिश्र who mentions eight types of doṣas as follows: अष्टार्थदोषाः विरस, -ग्राम्य, -व्याहत, -खिन्नताः । -हीना, -धिका, सदृक्साम्यं देशादीनां विरोधि च ॥ 17-द्वयविधानम् Injunction of two ideas or senses; विधाने चार्थद्वयविधानं दोषः ŚB. on MS.1.8.7.-नित्य a. = अर्थ- प्रधान Nir.-निबन्धन a. dependent on wealth.-निश्चयः determination, decision.-प्रतिः 1 'the lord of riches', a a king; किंचिद् विहस्यार्थपतिं बभाषे R.2.46;1.59;9.3;18.1; Pt.1.74.-2 an epithet of Kubera.-पदम् N. of the Vārt. on Pāṇini; ससूत्रवृत्त्यर्थपदं महार्थं ससंग्रहं सिद्ध्यति वै कपीन्द्रः Rām.7.36.45.-पर, -लुब्ध a.1 intent on gaining wealth, greedy of wealth, covetous.-2 niggardly, parsimonious; हिंस्रा दयालुरपि चार्थपरा वदान्या Bh.2.47; Pt.1.425.-प्रकृतिः f. the leading source or occasion of the grand object in a drama; (the number of these 'sources' is five:-- बीजं बिन्दुः पताका च प्रकरी कार्यमेव च । अर्थप्रकृतयः पञ्च ज्ञात्वा योज्या यथाविधि S. D.317.)-प्रयोगः 1 usury.-2 administration of the affairs (of a state)-प्राप्त a. derived or understood from the sense included as a matter of course, implied; परिसमाप्तिः शब्दार्थः । परिसमाप्त्यामर्थप्राप्तत्वादारम्भस्य । ŚB. on MS.6.2.13.-˚त्वम् Inplication.-बन्धः 1 arrange- ment of words, composition, text; stanza, verse; संचिन्त्य गीतक्षममर्थबन्धम् Ś.7.5; ललितार्थबन्धम् V.2.14 put or expressed in elegant words.-2. connection (of the soul) with the objects of sense.-बुद्धि a. selfish.-बोधः indication of the (real) import.-भाज् a. entitled to a share in the division of property.-भावनम् Delibera- tion over a subject (Pātañjala Yogadarśana 1.28).-भृत् a. receiving high wages (as a servant).-भेदः distinc- tion or difference of meaning; अर्थभेदेन शब्दभेदः.-मात्रम्, -त्रा 1 property, wealth; Pt.2.-2 the whole sense or object.-युक्त a. significant, full of यस्यार्थयुक्तं meaning; गिरिराजशब्दं कुर्वन्ति Ku.1.13.-लक्षण a. As determined by the purpose or need (as opposed to शब्दलक्षण); लोके कर्मार्थलक्षणम् Ms.11.1.26.-लाभः acquisition of wealth.-लोभः avarice.-वशः power in the form of discrimination and knowledge. अर्थवशात् सप्तरूपविनिवृत्ताम् Sāvk.65.-वादः 1 declaration of any purpose.-2 affirmation, declaratory assertion, an explanatory remark, exegesis; speech or assertion having a certain object; a sentence. (It usually recommends a विधि or precept by stating the good arising from its proper observance, and the evils arising from its omission, and also by adducing historical instances in its support; स्तुतिर्निन्दा परकृतिः पुराकल्प इत्यर्थवादः Gaut. Sūt.; said by Laugākṣi to be of 3 kinds:- गुणवादो विरोधे स्यादनु वादो$वधारिते । भूतार्थवादस्तद्धानादर्थ- वादस्त्रिधा मतः; the last kind includes many varieties.)-3 one of the six means of finding out the tātparya (real aim and object) of any work.-4 praise, eulogy; अर्थवाद एषः । दोषं तु मे कंचित्कथय U.1.-विकरणम् = अर्थ- विक्रिया change of meaning.-विकल्पः 1 deviation from truth, perversion of fact.-2 prevarication; also ˚वैकल्प्यम्-विज्ञानम् comprehending the sense, one of the six exercises of the understanding (धीगुण).-विद् a. sensible, wise, sagacious. भुङ्क्ते तदपि तच्चान्यो मधुहेवार्थविन्मधु Bhāg.11.18.15. विवक्षतामर्थविदस्तत्क्षणप्रतिसंहृताम् Śi.-विद्या knowledge of practical life; Mb.7.-विपत्तिः Failing of an aim; समीक्ष्यतां चार्थविपत्तिमार्गताम् Rām.2.19.4.-विभावक a. money-giver; विप्रेभ्यो$र्थविभावकः Mb.3.33. 84.-विप्रकर्षः difficulty in the comprehension of the sense.-विशेषणम् a reprehensive repetition of something uttered by another; S. D.49.-वृद्धिः f. accumulation of wealth.-व्ययः expenditure; ˚ज्ञ a. conversant with money-matters.-शब्दौ Word and sense.-शालिन् a. Wealthy.-शास्त्रम् 1 the science of wealth (political economy).-2 science of polity, political science, politics; अर्थशास्त्रविशारदं सुधन्वानमुपाध्यायम् Rām.2.1.14. Dk.12; इह खलु अर्थशास्त्रकारास्त्रिविधां सिद्धिमुपवर्णयन्ति Mu.3; ˚व्यवहारिन् one dealing with politics, a politician; Mu.5.-3 science giving precepts on general conduct, the science of practical life; Pt.1.-शौचम् purity or honesty in money-matters; सर्वेषां चैव शौचानामर्थशौचं परं स्मृतं Ms. 5.16.-श्री Great wealth.-संस्थानम् 1 accumulation of wealth.-2 treasury.-संग्रहः, -संचयः accumulation or acquisition of wealth, treasure, property. कोशेनाश्रयणी- यत्वमिति तस्यार्थसंग्रहः R.17.6. कुदेशमासाद्य कुतो$र्थसंचयः H.-संग्रहः a book on Mīmāṁsā by Laugākṣi Bhāskara.-सतत्त्वम् truth; किं पुनरत्रार्थसतत्त्वम् । देवा ज्ञातुमर्हन्ति MBh. or P.VIII.3.72.-समाजः aggregate of causes.-समाहारः 1 treasure.-2 acquisition of wealth.-संपद् f. accomplishment of a desired object; उपेत्य संघर्ष- मिवार्थसंपदः Ki.1.15.-संपादनम् Carrying out of an affair; Ms.7.168.-संबन्धः connection of the sense with the word or sentence.-संबन्धिन् a. Concerned or interested in an affair; Ms.8.64.-साधक a.1 accomplishing any object.-2 bringing any matter to a conclusion.-सारः considerable wealth; Pt.2.42.-सिद्ध a. understood from the very context (though not expressed in words), inferable from the connection of words.-सिद्धिः f. fulfilment of a desired object, success. द्वारमिवार्थसिद्धेः R.2.21.-हानिः Loss of wealth-हारिन् a. stealing money Ks.-हर a. inheriting wealth.-हीन a.1 deprived of wealth, poor.-2 unmeaning, nonsensical.-3 failing. -
10 सत्य
satyasatyámf (ā)n. true, real, actual, genuine, sincere, honest, truthful, faithful, pure, virtuous, good. successful, effectual, valid ( satyaṉ-kṛi, « to make true, ratify, realise, fulfil») RV. etc. etc.;
m. the uppermost of the seven Lokas orᅠ worlds (the abode of Brahmā. andᅠ heaven of truth;
seeᅠ loka) L. ;
N. of the ninth Kalpa (q.v.) Pur. ;
the Aṡvattha tree L. ;
N. of Vishṇu L. ;
of Rāma-candra L. ;
of a supernatural being Gaut. VarBṛS. Hcat. ;
of a deity presiding over the Nāndī-mukha Ṡrāddha L. ;
of one of the Viṡve Devāh Cat. ;
of a Vyāsa Cat. ;
of a son of Havir-dhāna BhP. ;
of a son of Vitatya MBh. ;
of one of the 7 Ṛishis in various Manvantaras Hariv. Pur. ;
(with ācārya) N. of an astronomer (author of the Horā-ṡāstra) VarBṛS. ;
pl. N. of a class of gods in various Manvantaras Hariv. Pur. ;
(ā) f. speaking the truth, sincerity, veracity W. ;
a partic. Ṡakti Pañcar. ;
N. of Durgā Cat. ;
of Ṡitā L. ;
of Satyavatī (mother of Vyāsa) L. ;
= satya-bhāmā MBh. Hariv. Ṡiṡ. ;
of the family deity of the Kutsas andᅠ Atharvans Cat. ;
of a daughter of Dharma ( andᅠ wife of Ṡaṃ-yu) MBh. ;
of the mother of Satya (= tushita) VP. ;
of the wife of Manthu ( andᅠ mother of Bhauvana) BhP. ;
of a daughter of Nagna-jit ( andᅠ wife of Kṛishṇa) ib. ;
(am) n. truth, reality ( satyena, « truly», « certainly», « really» ;
kásmātsátyāt, « for what reason, how is it that?» ténasatyéna, « for that reason, so truly» ;
yathā-tena < orᅠ evaṉ> satyena, « as-so truly» ;
with Buddhists truth is of two kinds, viz. saṉvṛiti- andᅠ paramâ̱rtha-satyam, « truth by general consent» andᅠ « self-evident truth» Dharmas. 95 ;
for the four fundamental truths of Buddhists seeᅠ MWB. 43; 56) RV. etc. etc.;
speaking the truth, sincerity, veracity KenUp. Mn. R. etc.. ;
a solemn asseveration, vow, promise, oath ( satyaṉcikīrshamāṇa, « wishing to fulfil one's promise orᅠ keep one's word») AV. etc. etc.;
demonstrated conclusion, dogma W. ;
the quality of goodness orᅠ purity orᅠ knowledge MW. ;
the first of the four Yugas orᅠ ages (= 1. - kṛitá q.v.) L. ;
a partic. mythical weapon R. ;
the uppermost of the 7 Lokas ( seeᅠ under m.) Vedântas. BhP. ;
one of the 7 Vyāhṛitis L. ;
partic. Satya-formula ĀṡvṠr. ;
= udaka, water Naigh. I, 12 ;
( alsoᅠ with prajāpateḥ) N. of Sāmans ĀrshBr. ṠrS. ;
(ám) ind. (gaṇa câ̱di andᅠ svar-ādi) truly, indeed, certainly, verily, necessarily, yes, very well
( satyam-tu, kiṉtu, tathâ̱pi, « it is true - but, yet, however» ;
yatsasyam, « indeed, certainly») RV. etc. etc.
+ cf. accord. toᅠ some, Gk. ἐτεός
- सत्यकर्ण
- सत्यकर्मन्
- सत्यकाम
- सत्यकाय
- सत्यकारुण्यवेदिन्
- सत्यकीर्ति
- सत्यकृत्
- सत्यकेतु
- सत्यक्रिया
- सत्यक्षेत्रमाहात्म्य
- सत्यखान
- सत्यग
- सत्यगिर्
- सत्यग्रन्थिन्
- सत्यघ्न
- सत्यंकार
- सत्यचूडामणि
- सत्यजा
- सत्यजित्
- सत्यजिति
- सत्यज्ञ
- सत्यज्ञानानन्दतीर्थ
- सत्यज्योतिस्
- सत्यतपस्
- सत्यतम
- सत्यतर
- सत्यतस्
- सत्यता
- सत्यतात्
- सत्यताति
- सत्यतितिक्षावत्
- सत्यत्व
- सत्यदर्शिन्
- सत्यदूत
- सत्यदृश्
- सत्यदेव
- सत्यधन
- सत्यधर
- सत्यधर्म
- सत्यधर्मन्
- सत्यधामन्
- सत्यधृत
- सत्यधृति
- सत्यध्वज
- सत्यध्वृत्
- सत्यनाथ
- सत्यनाम
- सत्यनामन्
- सत्यनारायण
- सत्यनिधि
- सत्यनिधितीर्थ
- सत्यनिधिविलास
- सत्यनेत्र
- सत्यप
- सत्यपर
- सत्यपराक्रम
- सत्यपरायणतीर्थ
- सत्यपारमिता
- सत्यपाल
- सत्यपाश
- सत्यपुर
- सत्यपुष्टि
- सत्यपूत
- सत्यपूर्णतीर्थ
- सत्यप्रतिज्ञ
- सत्यप्रतिश्रव
- सत्यप्रतिष्ठान
- सत्यप्रबोधभट्टारक
- सत्यप्रवाद
- सत्यप्रसव
- सत्यप्रसवस्
- सत्यप्राशू
- सत्यप्रियतीर्थ
- सत्यफल
- सत्यबन्ध
- सत्यबोध
- सत्यभामा
- सत्यभारत
- सत्यभाषण
- सत्यभूय
- सत्यभेदिन्
- सत्यमद्वन्
- सत्यमन्त्र
- सत्यमन्मन्
- सत्यमय
- सत्यमान
- सत्यमुग्र
- सत्यमृषाविवेक
- सत्यमेधस्
- सत्यमौद्गल
- सत्यम्भरा
- सत्ययज्
- सत्ययज्ञ
- सत्ययुग
- सत्ययोनि
- सत्ययौवन
- सत्यरत
- सत्यरथ
- सत्यरथि
- सत्यराजन्
- सत्यराधस्
- सत्यरूप
- सत्यलोक
- सत्यलौकिक
- सत्यवक्तृ
- सत्यवचन
- सत्यवचस्
- सत्यवत्
- सत्यवदन
- सत्यवद्य
- सत्यवर
- सत्यवर्त्मन्
- सत्यवर्मन्
- सत्यवर्यार्य
- सत्यवसु
- सत्यवाक
- सत्यवाक्य
- सत्यवाच्
- सत्यवाचक
- सत्यवाद
- सत्यवादिन्
- सत्यवाह
- सत्यवाहन
- सत्यविक्रम
- सत्यविजयतीर्थ
- सत्यविजयशिष्य
- सत्यविद्या
- सत्यवीरतीर्थ
- सत्यवृत्त
- सत्यवृत्ति
- सत्यवृध्
- सत्यव्यवस्था
- सत्यव्रत
- सत्यशपथ
- सत्यशवस्
- सत्यशील
- सत्यशीलिन्
- सत्यशुष्म
- सत्यश्रवस्
- सत्यश्रावण
- सत्यश्री
- सत्यश्रुत्
- सत्यसंरक्षण
- सत्यसंरक्षिन्
- सत्यसंश्रव
- सत्यसंहित
- सत्यसंकल्प
- सत्यसंकाश
- सत्यसंगर
- सत्यसती
- सत्यसत्वन्
- सत्यसद्
- सत्यसंतुष्टतीर्थ
- सत्यसंध
- सत्यसंनिभ
- सत्यसव
- सत्यसवन
- सत्यसवस्
- सत्यसह्
- सत्यसहस्
- सत्यसाक्षिन्
- सत्यसाधन
- सत्यसामन्
- सत्यसार
- सत्यसूत्र
- सत्यसेन
- सत्यस्थ
- सत्यस्रवस्
- सत्यस्वप्न
- सत्यहविस्
- सत्यहव्य
- सत्यहित
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11 range
1) ряд; линия; серия; гамма (напр. станков)2) диапазон; область; предел, пределы3) расстояние; длина; радиус действия4) амплитуда; размах5) сортамент; номенклатура ( изделий)6) решётка•- adjustment range
- angular range
- audio frequency range
- ball center range
- beam range
- boring range
- capacity range
- capture range
- clamping range
- constant power range
- constant torque range
- continuous range
- control range
- correcting range
- dilution range
- drive range
- duty range
- dynamic range
- effective range
- endurance range
- extreme range
- fatigue range
- feed range per stroke
- feed-rate range
- fixed range
- frequency range
- gear range
- gripping range
- high/low range
- horizontal feed range
- horizontal work range
- HSM-range
- infinite range
- infinitely variable speed range
- instrument range
- interference-free range
- lifting range
- linear dynamic range
- load-carrying ranges
- machining range
- measurement range
- measuring range
- micron range
- milling speeds available range
- milling speeds range
- modular build range
- nanometer range
- nominal range of use
- nominal range
- operating range
- operative range
- part range
- pipe range
- pressure range
- product range
- range of adjustment
- range of applicability
- range of application
- range of disturbance
- range of feeding movements
- range of machines
- range of measurement
- range of motion
- range of number representation
- range of plasticity
- range of proportionality
- range of purity
- range of ratios
- range of regulation
- range of scatter
- range of sensitivity
- range of set values
- range of sizes
- range of speeds
- range of stress
- range of the milling machine
- range of use
- range of vacuum
- reciprocatory range
- reference range
- relative control range
- scale range
- setting range
- short range
- sliding gear ranges
- spatial range
- specific range of tasks
- specified measuring range
- spindle-speed range
- stability range
- steel-machining range
- table-setting range
- temperature compensation range
- temperature range
- tilting range
- tolerance range
- tool offset range
- transformation range
- travel range
- traverse range
- tuning range
- turning range
- usable range
- variable range
- vertical feed range
- vertical work range
- wide-duty range
- work range
- working range
- working temperature range
- workpiece range
- X-Y-Z rangeEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > range
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12 real
1. n филос. действительность2. n нечто реальное, конкретное, вещественное; предмет, вещьreal loss — реальный, фактический ущерб
3. a действительный, реальный; действительно существующийa real oasis, not a mirage — это настоящий оазис, а не мираж
type real — тип "реальное"
4. a настоящий, натуральный5. a настоящий, истинный, подлинный6. a эмоц. -усил. сущий, отъявленный7. a неподдельный, непритворный8. a простой, искренний9. a эк. реальный10. a юр. эк. недвижимыйreal estate — недвижимое имущество, недвижимость
11. a филос. действительно существующий; реальный12. a филос. существенный, относящийся к сущностиreal law — совокупность правовых норм, относящихся к недвижимости
13. a филос. истинный, абсолютныйreal beauty — истинная красота, идеал красоты
14. a филос. самосуществующий15. a филос. юр. вещный16. a филос. мат. вещественный; действительныйreal address — реальный адрес; действительный адрес
17. adv прост. преим. амер. эмоц. -усил. очень, крайне, чрезвычайно18. n ист. реалСинонимический ряд:1. authentic (adj.) authentic; blown-in-the-bottle; bona fide; good; indubitable; original; pukka; questionless; right; simon-pure; sure-enough; undoubted; undubitable; unquestionable; veritable; very2. genuine (adj.) actual; factual; genuine; heartfelt; heart-whole; hearty; honest; indisputable; sincere; solid; true; unaffected; undeniable; undesigning; undissembled; unfabled; unfeigned; valid; veridical3. material (adj.) concrete; corporal; existent; incarnate; material; palpable; physical; substantial; substantive; tangibleАнтонимический ряд:assumed; counterfeit; deceptive; erroneous; fake; fallacious; false; fancied; fantastic; feigned; fictitious; fraudulent; hypothetical; imitation; insincere; intangible -
13 ἀλήθεια
ἀλήθεια, ας, ἡ (cp. λανθάνω ‘escape notice’ s. DELG s.v. λανθάνω; Schwyzer I 469; Hom. +) prim. ‘hiding nothing’.① the quality of being in accord with what is true, truthfulness, dependability, uprightness in thought and deed (Alcaeus 57 [366 L.-P.]; Mimnermus 8 al.) of God (Gen 24:27 al.) Ro 3:7; 15:8. Of people (Pittacus in Diog. L. 1, 78; Arrian, Anab. 7, 30, 3; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 11, 6; 4 Km 20:3; Judg 9:15f al.; EpArist 206) ἐν ἀ. λαλεῖν speak truthfully 2 Cor 7:14; (w. εἰλικρίνεια) 1 Cor 5:8; (w. ἀγαθωσύνη and δικαιοσύνη) Eph 5:9; 1 Cl 19:1; 31:2; 35:2; Pol 2:1; ἐν πάσῃ ἀ. w. perfect fidelity 4:2.—Hm 8:9; 12, 3, 1; Hs 9, 15, 2.② the content of what is true, truth (opp. ψεῦδος)ⓐ gener. ἀ. λαλεῖν tell the truth (Zech 8:16) Eph 4:25; Hm 3:5; 2 Cl 12:3. ἀ. λέγειν (Hdt. 2, 115 al.; PGiss 84, 14 [II A.D.] τὴν ἀ. εἰπεῖν) Ro 9:1; 1 Ti 2:7. Fut. ἀ. ἐρῶ 2 Cor 12:6. ἀ. ἀγαπᾶν Hm 3:1. Opp. ψεύδεσθαι κατὰ τῆς ἀ. lie against the truth Js 3:14; εἶπεν αὐτῷ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀ. she told him the whole truth Mk 5:33 (cp. Hdt. 9, 89; Thu. 6, 87, 1 al.; Cleopatra ln. 88; POxy 283, 13f [45 A.D.] γνωσθῆναι πᾶσαν τὴν ἀ.; Jos., Bell. 7, 31 πυθόμενος παρʼ αὐτοῦ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀ.). ἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας by truthful speech 2 Cor 6:7; ῥήματα ἀληθείας Ac 26:25; μόρφωσις τῆς γνώσεως καὶ τῆς ἀ. embodiment of knowledge and truth Ro 2:20; ἡ ἁγνότης τῆς ἀ. the purity that belongs to truth Hv 3, 7, 3. ἔξωθεν τῆς ἀ.=ψευδής 3, 4, 3.ⓑ esp. of the content of Christianity as the ultimate truth (cp. Plut., Mor. 351e ἀ. περὶ θεῶν; Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 178, the proselyte is a μεταναστὰς εἰς ἀ.) Eph 4:21 (CScott, Exp. 8th ser. 3, 1912, 178–85; FBriggs, ET 39, 1928, 526). ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀ. the word of truth Eph 1:13; 2 Ti 2:15; Js 1:18. ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τοῦ παρόντος εἰς ὑμᾶς Col 1:5; cp. 2 Pt 1:12. ἡ ἀ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου Gal 2:5, 14. ἔστιν ἀ. Χριστοῦ ἐν ἐμοί 2 Cor 11:10. ὁ περὶ ἀ. λόγος Pol 3:2; πείθεσθαι τῇ ἀ. Gal 5:7; πιστεύειν τῇ ἀ. 2 Th 2:12; hence πίστει ἀληθείας belief in the truth vs. 13; δύνασθαί τι κατὰ τῆς ἀ. … ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀ. 2 Cor 13:8; περιπατεῖν ἐν ἀ. 2J 4; 3J 3f (cp. 4 Km 20:3); ζῆν κατὰ ἀ. IEph 6:2; πορεύεσθαι κατὰ τὴν ἀ. Pol 5:2; ἐν ἀ. (3 Km 2:4) Hm 3:4; gird oneself w. truth Eph 6:14; cp. Hm 11:4.—Truth expresses itself in virtues like righteousness and holiness, Eph 4:24 (Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 67, 1 Jac. δικαιοσύνην κ. ἀλ.). Hence it is contrasted w. ἀδικία 1 Cor 13:6; Ro 1:18; 2:8. In the last-named passage a negative attitude toward the truth is called ἀπειθεῖν τῇ ἀ. Also πλανᾶσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς ἀ. wander from the truth Js 5:19; ἀστοχεῖν περὶ τὴν ἀ. 2 Ti 2:18; καταστρέφειν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀ. Hs 6, 2, 1, cp. 4; ἀποστρέφειν τὴν ἀκοὴν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀ. 2 Ti 4:4 opp. μῦθοι, cp. ἀποστρέφεσθαι Tit 1:14; ἀποστερεῖσθαι τῆς ἀ. 1 Ti 6:5; ἐρευνᾶν περὶ τῆς ἀ. make inquiries about the truth Hm 10, 1, 4; 6; ἀνθίστασθαι τῇ ἀ. oppose the truth (i.e. the gospel) 2 Ti 3:8. Opp. μῦθοι 4:4. Truth can be communicated (cp. Did., Gen. 86, 21): φανερώσει τῆς ἀ. by a clear statement of the truth 2 Cor 4:2 (sim. in later Christian prayer POxy 925, 4f φανέρωσόν μοι τὴν παρὰ σοὶ ἀλ.); is taught D 11:10; recognized 1 Ti 4:3; Hv 3, 6, 2; cp. ἐπίγνωσις τῆς ἀληθείας (Alex. Aphr., Quaest. 3, 12, II 2 p. 102, 3 γνῶσις τ. ἀληθείας) 1 Ti 2:4; 2 Ti 2:25; 3:7; Tit 1:1; Hb 10:26; ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀ.1 Ti 3:15; ὁδὸς τῆς ἀ. 2 Pt 2:2; 1 Cl 35:5 (cp. Pind., P. 3, 103; Eur., Fgm. 289; Gen 24:48 al.; En 104:13; OdeSol 11:3); ὑπακοὴ τῆς ἀ. 1 Pt 1:22; ἀγάπη τῆς ἀ. 2 Th 2:10. God is πατὴρ τῆς ἀ. 2 Cl 3:1; 20:5; φῶς ἀληθείας IPhld 2:1 (cp. Ps 42:3); θεὸς τῆς ἀ. (1 Esdr 4:40) 2 Cl 19:1; cp. 1 Cl 60:2. The reverse genitival constr. in ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ Ro 1:25, is best rendered truth about God (so Twentieth Century NT, NRSV) as opp. to the deception of polytheists, who in effect lie about God despite their better knowledge described vss. 19–21 (REB et al.: truth of God).—Ἀ. is a favorite word of the Joh. lit., and plays a major role in it. God’s word is truth J 17:17 (Ps 118:142). Truth w. χάρις 1:14, 17; w. πνεῦμα 4:23f; cp. ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀ. 1J 3:18 (opp. λόγῳ, γλώσσῃ). W. ἀγάπη 2J 3. The Spirit leads into truth J 16:13; hence πνεῦμα τῆς ἀ. 14:17; 15:26; 16:13; 1J 4:6 (cp. Hm 3:4). πνεῦμα is identified w. ἀ. 1J 5:6; it is mediated through Christ J 1:17, who calls himself truth 14:6 (cp. PGM 5, 148 ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀλήθεια, on the other hand POxy 1380, 63 [early II A.D.] Isis is called ἀ.; Apollonaretal. Berl. Gr. Pap. 11517 [II A.D.]: Her 55, 1920, 188–95 ln. 52 Apollo as the ἀψευδὴς ἀ.; M. Ant., 9, 1, 2 God=Nature ἀλήθεια ὀνομάζεται; Lucian, Hist. Conscr. 61 says of a good history-writer: ἦν ἀλήθεια ἐπὶ πᾶσι); hence as source of praise for a Christian Δημητρίῳ μεμαρτύρηται … ὑπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀ. 3J 12. One who possesses Christ knows truth (γινώσκ. τὴν ἀ. as Jos., Ant. 13, 291; Tat. 13, 1; ἀληθείας γνῶσις: Maximus Tyr. 26, 5b; Did., Gen. 116, 17) J 8:32; (cp. 1QS 5:10); 2J 1; does the truth J 3:21, cp. 1J 1:6 (ποιεῖν τὴν ἀ. Gen 32:11; 47:29; Is 26:10 al.; TestReub 6:9; TestBenj 10:3; ἔλεος καὶ ἀ. PsSol 17:15); stands in the truth J 8:44; is of the truth 18:37; cp. 1J 2:21; 3:19 (ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας=corresponding to the truth PTurin I, 6, 13). The truth sets one free J 8:32, but is not present in those who deny the fact of sin in their lives 1J 1:8 or do not heed Christ’s commands. Christ proclaims this truth: λέγειν (Jos., Ant. 10, 124) J 8:45f; 16:7; λαλεῖν 8:40 (also λαλεῖν ἐν ἀ. IEph 6:2); μαρτυρεῖν τῇ ἀ. 18:37. As John the Baptist witnesses to Jesus, he witnesses to the truth 5:33; cp. μαρτυρούντων σου τῇ ἀληθείᾳ bear witness to your ( fidelity to the) truth 3J 3; ἵνα συνεργοὶ γινώμεθα τῇ ἀ. vs. 8. In Pilate’s question τί ἐστιν ἀ.; J 18:38 the worldling speaks (cp. 4 Macc 5:10). Opp. θάνατος ISm 5:1.—Mlt-Turner 177f.③ an actual event or state, reality (Diogenes 21 p. 114, 10 al. Malherbe; Mel., P. 4, 33; 42, 289 [opp. τύπος] Diod S 2, 8, 4) as opposed to mere appearance (opp. πρόφασις) Phil 1:18. κατὰ ἀλήθειαν rightly Ro 2:2 (cp. Diod S 4, 64, 2 οἱ κατʼ ἀλήθειαν γονεῖς; M. Ant. 2, 11, 3; 4, 11; Damianus of Larissa p. 20, 2 [ed. Schöne 1897]; PCairZen 202, 7 [254 B.C.]; EpArist 140; 4 Macc 5:18; Just. A I, 2, 1; Ath., R. 66, 11; Orig., C. Cels. 2, 13, 84; PGM 12, 235). ἐν ἀληθείᾳ indeed, truly (Jer 33:15; ἀγαπᾶν PsSol 6:6; 10:3; 14:1 al.) Mt 22:16; J 17:19; 1 Cl 63:1 (s. also 2b on 1J 3:18). ἐπιγινώσκειν τὴν χάριν ἐν ἀλ. Col 1:6; οὓς ἐγὼ ἀγαπῶ ἐν ἀλ. 2J 1, cp. 3J 1, belongs here (like the epist. formulas PFay 118, 26; 119, 26 [100–110 A.D.] τοὺς φιλοῦντας ἡμᾶς πρὸς ἀ.=‘really and truly’). ἐπʼ ἀληθείας in accordance w. the truth, truly (Demosth. 18, 17; SIG 495, 174 [III B.C.]; PAmh 68, 33; POxy 480, 9; Job, Da; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 60; 248): διδάσκειν Mk 12:14; Lk 20:21; εἰπεῖν Mk 12:32; λέγειν Lk 4:25; συνάγεσθαι Ac 4:27; καταλαμβάνεσθαι 10:34; τελειοῦν 1 Cl 23:5; ἐπιστέλλειν 47:3; ἐπʼ ἀ. καὶ οὗτος μετʼ αὐτοῦ ἦν certainly this fellow (s. οὗτος 1aα) was with him, too Lk 22:59.—GStorz, Gebr. u. Bedeutungsentwicklg v. ἀλήθεια u. begriffsverwandten Wörtern, diss. Tüb. 1922; WLuther, ‘Wahrheit’ u. ‘Lüge’ im ältest. Griechentum ’35; HBraun, Qumran und d. NT II ’66, 118–44; I de la Potterie, TU 73, ’59, 277–94 (John); BJackayya, CTM 41, ’70, 171–75 (John); RBultmann, Untersuchungen z. J. Ἀλήθεια: ZNW 27, 1928, 113–63.—EDNT. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv.
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